Paulo Emílio Sales Gomes (São Paulo, December 17, 1916 — São Paulo, September 9, 1977) was a Brazilian historian, film critic, professor, essayist and political activist. He was a central figure in the founding of the Cinemateca Brasileira, in the creation of the Brasília Festival and of the Audiovisual courses at the University of Brasília and University of São Paulo, where he taught until the end of his life.